NCTA article: Objectively reading multi-cultural literature

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  • #5643
    Rob_Hugo@PortNW
    Keymaster

    SONDRA SHORTER - A REPORT ON ASIAN READING THEORY BY MINGSHNI CHI FOR MY ASIAN HISTORY STUDIES AT USC/ UTLA CLASS - THIS REPORT IS FROM A NEWS LETTER SENT TO THE NATIONAL COUNCIL OF ENGLISH TEACHERS, AN INFORMATIVE ARTICLE TO HELP ENGLISH TEACHERS UNDERSTAND HOW TO TEACH LITERATURE THAT IS EXPRESSED IN ANOTHER CULTURE: “ TRANSACTIONAL READER RESPONSE THEORY AND THE STUDY OF MULTICULTURAL LITERATURE” BY MINGSHNI CHI VIA E-MAIL TO SUBSCRIBERS TO THE “NATIONAL COUNCIL OF TEACHERS OF ENGLISH.

    RECENTLY, THE TRANSACTIONAL READERS RESPONSE THEORY HAS BEEN CRITICIZED FOR PROVIDING ANINADEQUATE THEORETICAL GUIDE FOR THE STUDY OF MULTICULTURAL LITERATURE. SOME SCHOLARS ARGUE THAT ROSENBLATT ASSUMES THE READER AND HER RESPONSE TO LITERATURE ARE IDEALOGICALLY INNOCENT AND THE CONTINUUM OF AESTHETIC AND EFFERENT STANCE DOES NOT ENCOMPASS CRITICLE READING. THEY CALL FOR RE-THEORIZING OR MOVING BEYOND TRANSACTIONAL THEORY. ANALYSIS OF CRITICISMS REVEALS MISUNDERSTANDING OF THE NATURE OF THE THEORY AND THE TWO READING STANCES IT PROPOSES. WHILE ROSENBLATT EMPHASIZES ASTHETIC RESPONSE AS THE PRIMARY STEP IN LITERARY TRANSACTION, SHE EMPHATICALLY STATES THAT IT IS THE STARTING POINT OF CRITICISM. TRANACTIONAL THEORY ACKNOWLEDDGES THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL, CULTURAL, AND POLITICAL FACTORS ON THE INDIVIDUAL READER. SO ROSENBLATT URGES READERS TO LEARN TO HANDLE WITH INTELLEGENCE AND DISCRIMINATION THE PERSONAL FACTORS THAT ENTER INTO THEIR REACTION TO BOOKS AND CRITICALLY SCRUTINIZE THEIR RESPONSES TO LITERARY WORKS. ASTHETIC RESPONSE IS CONNECTED TO CRITICAL READING. WE SHOULD MOVE BEYOND AESTHETIC READING BUT NOT BEYOND TRANSACTIONAL THEORY.
    (VOLUME 85, NUMBER 3, JANUARY 2008)

    I THOUGHT THAT THIS ARTICLE HELD SOME PROFOUND THEORY FOR THOSE OF US WHO CHOOSE TO READ LITERATURE CREATED FOR ANOTHER CULTURE. HAVING AN OPEN MIND AS ONE READS CAN INVITE DIFFERENTIATION AND ALLOW ONE TO UNDERSTAND OTHERS, IN MY OPINION, AND READ WITHOUT A CRITICAL OR JUDGEMENTAL VIEW OF WHAT WE ARE READING. TO ME THIS IS A GREAT TID BIT IF ONE IS TO READ LITERATURE FROM A FOREIGN WRITER.

    #33880
    Anonymous
    Guest

    I completely understand the concerns of the article. As a teacher who has primarily taught students of cultures other than my own, I've always felt excited about bringing multicultural literature to my class. However, I also feel like anything I may present along with the story, any interpretation I present, may be and probably is very culturally biased. This seminar has helped me understand themes in Asian literature, and I feel more confident in presenting some of these themes to my students. However, there are subtle, cultural practices and norms that will never be made explicit to someone outside the culture.

    I think the important thing to remember is to learn about the historical influences, as well as cultural norms when pointing out themes in multicultural literature. It doesn't hurt to read reviews of the book online or find lists of multi-cultural books published by respected universities and educational institutions. Basically, like all good teaching, do your research first, before sitting down with kids and presenting unsubstantiated claims and biases.

    #33881
    Anonymous
    Guest

    Being a middle aged white male teaching in a South-Central middle school that is 90% Latino and 10% African-American I also think a lot about being culturally aware. One thing I do is not try to sugar-coat things and also to be open and as honest as I can be about cultural differences. My 8th grade students have a lot of questions and misunderstandings about other cultures. For example they often believe all whites are rich. Of course I tell them I am only driving my old, beatup Honda Civic because I left the Rolls Royce at home. My students also have many questions and misunderstandings about Asians. In fact for most of them the only real direct experience they have with either Asians or whites is at school or with the Police.

    #33882
    Anonymous
    Guest

    I've had the same experience when I taught at a middle school in the west LA area. The student body population is 60% white and the 40% are minority, I beeing a Latina and teaching in that environment many kids taught that I was a parent, somebodys sister or and aid. When they found out that I was their teacher they started to question me, and test me. They wanted to know where I went to school what I studied, and the Latino students told me that they've rarely see a hispanic teacher and let alone a Female Latina. I found out that being culturally aware is necessary because many kids and even adults know stereotypes, knowing more about a culture makes you open minded, and it helps to break some stereotypes that the young kids are growing up with.

    #33883
    Anonymous
    Guest

    I find this segregation to be more predominant here in LA then the SF bay area where I grew up and began teaching. I guess part of it is because I grew up in liberal berkeley and san francisco. Either way, there are lots of students in Oakland, Richmond who only know white people as rich. Why? They dont live in their neighborhoods and the only ones they see are relatively rich. Of course there are lots of poor white people, but they just dont see them. The few asians they know own stores, and since their English isnt the best, they tend to be ignored anyways. Of course I am stereotyping myself. I know we knew better, but what can we do to change these beliefs?

    #33884
    Anonymous
    Guest

    Another issue I have noticed with my students regarding Asians is their failure to understand variations among Asian people and culture. We had a good discussion of this in one of my honors classes. The way I was able to get the idea of cultural variation accross was to ask them what they did not like about how white people think of Latinos. Right away students complained that whites think all Latinos are Mexican, while many of my students come from various Central American countries. This led to a discussion of variations among Asian (and whites as well). It also raised the issue of why we don't really have the same variation among African-Americans and how the strong cultural differences among Africans were largely destroyed by forced mixing during slavery.

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